10 Must-Do Activities on a Trip to Gyeongju 경주

When traveling to Gyeongju, Korea, there are 10 essential things you must do to fully immerse yourself in the city's rich history, culture, and heritage. 

Here's a comprehensive list:

Woljeonggyo bridge ⓒ insung yoon, Unsplash

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1. Explore Bulguksa Temple 불국사

Bulguksa Temple, also known as 불국사 in Korean, is an iconic and magnificent temple located on the wooded slopes of Mt. Tohamsan in Geumseong, capital of the ancient Silla, modern-day Gyeongju, South Korea. This historic site, which was built in the 8th century during the Silla Kingdom, holds immense cultural and religious significance, making it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking to delve into the rich history and heritage of Korea.

Bulguksa temple ⓒ Seokyungsuk, pixabay

• Architecture and Design: Bulguksa Temple is renowned for its breathtaking architecture and intricate design. The temple complex showcases a perfect harmony between natural elements and man-made structures. The main hall, Daeungjeon (대웅전), is a masterpiece of traditional Korean architecture and serves as the primary sanctuary where important Buddhist ceremonies are held. The use of wooden pillars, gracefully curved roofs, and intricate carvings on the exterior of the buildings reflect the refined craftsmanship of the Silla period.

• Cultural and Religious Significance: As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bulguksa Temple holds immense religious and cultural significance. It was initially established by the Silla King Gyeongdeok in 751 CE as a prayer for national stability and prosperity. The temple complex served as a center for Buddhist teachings and practices, attracting scholars, monks, and devotees from across the region. Today, it remains an active place of worship and meditation, attracting both locals and tourists seeking spiritual solace and insight into Korea's religious heritage.

• Treasures and Artifacts: Bulguksa Temple houses a remarkable collection of cultural treasures and artifacts that provide valuable insights into the artistic and religious achievements of the Silla Kingdom. Among the notable treasures is the Dabotap Pagoda (다보탑), a graceful stone pagoda considered a masterpiece of Buddhist art. The Seokgatap Pagoda (석가탑) is another noteworthy artifact, and both pagodas have been designated as National Treasures of Korea.

• Bell Pavilion (종각, jonggak): Another highlight of the temple complex is the Bell Pavilion, where a massive bronze bell, known as the Emille Bell (에밀레종), is housed. This bell, cast in 771, is the largest extant bell from the Unified Silla period and is treasured for its resonant sound, which echoes throughout the temple grounds during ceremonial occasions.

• Surrounding Nature: Bulguksa Temple is surrounded by lush greenery and natural beauty, adding to its serene and peaceful ambiance. The temple is nestled amidst tranquil forests and offers picturesque views of the surrounding landscape, making it a perfect spot for quiet contemplation and appreciation of nature's splendor.

• Visitor Information: Bulguksa Temple is open to visitors year-round, offering a glimpse into the cultural heritage of Korea. To fully enjoy your visit, it's recommended to allocate sufficient time to explore the various halls, pavilions, and courtyards within the temple complex. Additionally, it's advisable to wear comfortable shoes, as some areas may involve walking on uneven terrain.

• Religious Etiquette: As a place of worship, visitors are kindly reminded to observe respectful behavior and follow religious etiquette. This includes removing shoes before entering certain buildings, refraining from loud conversations, and being mindful of photography restrictions in sacred areas.

• Getting There: Bulguksa Temple is easily accessible by public transportation or private car. For those using public transit, there are buses that directly connect to the temple from Gyeongju city center.

Visiting Bulguksa Temple offers a profound cultural experience and a chance to connect with Korea's rich religious past. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, history buff, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, this extraordinary temple is sure to leave a lasting impression on your journey through Gyeongju, South Korea.

2. Visit Cheomsangdae Observatory 첨성대

Cheomsangdae Observatory, also known as 첨성대 in Korean, is a fascinating historical site located in the city of Gyeongju, South Korea. As one of the oldest astronomical observatories in East Asia, Cheomsangdae offers a unique opportunity to delve into the scientific achievements of the ancient Silla Kingdom and their astronomical practices.

Cheomseongdae observatory ⓒ rawkkim, Unsplash

• Historical Significance: Built during the reign of Queen Seondeok, 선덕여왕 in the 7th century, Cheomsangdae Observatory holds immense historical significance as it served as a center for celestial observations and astrological calculations. It was part of the advanced astronomical systems of the Silla Kingdom, showcasing their deep understanding of the stars and their practical application in daily life.

• Unique Architecture: The observatory's architectural style sets it apart from other structures of its time. Cheomsangdae stands at a height of approximately 9.17 meters, with a square base made of 12 large stones, representing each month of the lunar calendar. The stones are precisely arranged without the use of any mortar, a testament to the engineering expertise of the Silla period.

• Astronomical Significance: Cheomsangdae Observatory was used to observe celestial phenomena, study the movement of stars, and predict astronomical events. It played a crucial role in determining auspicious dates for royal ceremonies and agricultural activities, as well as providing navigational aids for sailors and travelers.

• Observatory Functionality: The observatory's cylindrical shape and unique design facilitated accurate measurements of the stars' positions and movements. Astronomers and scholars of the time would climb the wooden platform on top of the structure to conduct their observations using sophisticated instruments and ancient stargazing techniques.

• Stargazing Experience: Visitors to Cheomsangdae Observatory can enjoy a stargazing experience reminiscent of ancient times. The observatory's location in Gyeongju provides relatively clear skies, making it an excellent spot for observing stars and constellations. Some guided tours and special events offer insights into the astronomy knowledge of the Silla Kingdom, enhancing the overall experience.

• Visitor Information: Cheomsangdae Observatory is open to visitors year-round, allowing them to explore this historical treasure. To make the most of the visit, consider joining a guided tour or reading informational plaques that provide context and details about the observatory's history and significance.

• Cultural Heritage: Designated as National Treasure No. 31, Cheomsangdae Observatory is a cherished cultural heritage site in Korea. Its preservation and recognition highlight its importance in the nation's history and cultural heritage.

• Accessibility: The observatory is easily accessible, situated within the city of Gyeongju. Visitors can reach the site by various means of transportation, including public buses or taxis.

• Photography and Souvenirs: Photography is allowed at the observatory, and visitors are encouraged to capture the beauty of this ancient structure and the surrounding landscape. Additionally, there are souvenir shops nearby where visitors can purchase mementos of their visit.

A visit to Cheomsangdae Observatory offers an immersive journey into Korea's ancient astronomical practices and a glimpse into the scientific achievements of the Silla Kingdom. With its unique architecture and rich historical significance, this observatory is a must-see attraction for travelers interested in astronomy, history, and cultural heritage.

3. Experience Gyochon Hanok Village 교촌한옥마을

Gyochon Hanok Village, also known as 교촌한옥마을 in Korean, is a charming traditional village located in the historical city of Gyeongju, South Korea. Stepping into Gyochon Hanok Village is like taking a journey back in time, as it offers an authentic and immersive experience of traditional Korean culture and architecture.

Hanok, traditional korean house ⓒ insung yoon, Unsplash

• Preservation of Korean Traditional Houses: Gyochon Hanok Village is renowned for its well-preserved hanok houses, which are traditional Korean-style buildings that reflect the architectural elegance of the past. These hanok houses feature unique characteristics, such as their wooden structure, curved tile roofs, and traditional floor heating systems known as ondol (온돌).

• House of the Gyeongju Choi Clan (경주 최씨가옥): One of the notable attractions within Gyochon Hanok Village is the House of the Gyeongju Choi Clan. This historical residence belonged to the Choi family, an influential clan during the Silla Kingdom. Visitors can explore the house and gain insights into the daily life and customs of the nobility during that period.

• Cultural Experience: Gyochon Hanok Village offers various cultural experiences that allow visitors to immerse themselves in traditional Korean activities. Tourists can partake in activities such as wearing hanbok (한복), the elegant Korean traditional attire, and taking part in traditional tea ceremonies. These experiences provide a deeper understanding of Korean customs and etiquette.

• Picturesque Scenery: The village is set amidst picturesque scenery, with beautiful gardens, tranquil courtyards, and meandering pathways. The harmonious blend of nature and architecture creates a serene atmosphere, making it an ideal place for leisurely strolls and peaceful contemplation.

• Traditional Crafts and Souvenirs: Gyochon Hanok Village is home to numerous artisan shops where visitors can find a wide array of traditional crafts and souvenirs. From handmade pottery and traditional crafts to unique gifts and souvenirs, these shops offer a chance to take a piece of Korean culture home as a cherished memento.

• Culinary Delights: The village also boasts several traditional Korean restaurants and teahouses, allowing visitors to savor authentic Korean cuisine. Delight in the flavors of traditional dishes like bibimbap (비빔밥), jeon (전), and various types of traditional teas, all served in a warm and inviting atmosphere.

• Accessibility and Location: Gyochon Hanok Village is conveniently located near many of Gyeongju's main attractions, making it easily accessible for tourists. Visitors can explore the village on foot, and it is within walking distance of other prominent landmarks, such as UNESCO-designated tombs and observatories.

• Photography Opportunities: With its picturesque settings and traditional architecture, Gyochon Hanok Village provides ample photography opportunities for capturing beautiful moments and preserving memories of a unique cultural experience.

• Traditional Events and Festivals: Throughout the year, Gyochon Hanok Village hosts various traditional events and festivals that showcase Korea's cultural heritage. Visitors have the chance to witness traditional performances, art exhibitions, and participate in seasonal celebrations.

A visit to Gyochon Hanok Village offers an authentic and enriching journey into Korea's cultural legacy, allowing travelers to immerse themselves in the charm of traditional hanok houses and experience the essence of Korean traditions. Whether you're interested in history, architecture, or cultural experiences, this village promises a memorable and insightful exploration of Korea's cultural heritage.

4. Discover Gyeongju National Museum 경주국립박물관

Gyeongju National Museum, also known as 경주국립박물관 in Korean, is a prominent cultural institution located in the historical city of Gyeongju, South Korea. As one of the leading museums in the country, it plays a pivotal role in preserving and showcasing the rich history and cultural heritage of the ancient Silla Kingdom, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and cultural aficionados alike.

Smile of Silla, a roof end tile ⓒ Suzi Kim, Unsplash

• Vast Collection of Artifacts: The museum houses an extensive collection of artifacts dating back to the Silla period, offering visitors a comprehensive overview of the kingdom's cultural achievements and historical development. The exhibits include a wide range of relics, such as pottery, ceramics, metalwork, and intricate jewelry, each telling a unique story of the Silla Dynasty.

• Cultural and Historical Significance: Gyeongju National Museum holds significant cultural and historical importance as it is located in the heart of the ancient Silla capital. The museum serves as a guardian of Korea's cultural heritage, preserving and promoting the legacy of the Silla Kingdom, which played a pivotal role in shaping the nation's identity.

• Thematic Exhibition Halls: The museum's exhibition halls are thoughtfully organized into various themes, allowing visitors to explore different aspects of Silla culture and history. From art and religion to daily life and craftsmanship, each hall offers a deeper understanding of the kingdom's diverse cultural expressions.

• State-of-the-Art Facilities: Gyeongju National Museum boasts state-of-the-art facilities, providing an immersive and educational experience for visitors. Interactive exhibits, multimedia presentations, and informative displays enhance the overall museum journey, making it engaging for visitors of all ages.

• Architectural Beauty: The museum's architectural design is a blend of traditional and modern elements, reflecting the essence of Korean cultural aesthetics. The building's harmonious integration with the surrounding landscape creates a serene and contemplative atmosphere, enhancing the overall museum experience.

• Educational Programs and Activities: In addition to its exhibits, Gyeongju National Museum offers educational programs and activities that cater to both students and tourists. Guided tours, cultural workshops, and interactive sessions allow visitors to engage deeply with the artifacts and gain insight into the historical context.

• Accessibility and Location: Situated in the heart of Gyeongju, the museum is easily accessible, making it a convenient stop for tourists exploring the city's historical sites. Its location near other prominent landmarks allows visitors to incorporate the museum visit seamlessly into their itinerary.

• Visitor Information: The museum is open to the public year-round, and visitors can purchase tickets on-site or through online platforms. It's recommended to allocate sufficient time for the visit to fully appreciate the vast collection and enjoy the educational programs.

• Photography and Souvenirs: Photography is allowed in most areas of the museum, enabling visitors to capture memories of their cultural journey. Additionally, the museum's gift shop offers a variety of souvenirs and cultural items that make for cherished mementos.

A visit to Gyeongju National Museum is a captivating journey through the annals of Korean history and a chance to immerse oneself in the cultural richness of the Silla Kingdom. From its impressive collection of artifacts to its educational programs, the museum presents a holistic experience that enlightens and inspires all who walk through its doors.

5. Wander through Anapji Pond 안압지

Anapji Pond, also known as 안압지 in Korean, is a captivating artificial pond located in Gyeongju National Park, South Korea. This historic site, formerly known as Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond, holds immense cultural significance as it was once part of the palace complex during the ancient Silla Kingdom (57 BCE – 935 CE). Today, it stands as a picturesque destination that offers visitors a glimpse into the splendor of Silla royalty and the enchanting beauty of Korean garden architecture.

night view of Anapji pond ⓒ hyungname, pixabay

• Historical Royal Site: Anapji Pond is a place steeped in history, once serving as the leisure garden of the Silla royalty. The pond and its surrounding gardens were meticulously designed to reflect the elegance and refinement of the kingdom's nobility.

• Artificial Pond and Garden Architecture: The pond's intricate design and the surrounding gardens showcase the artistic prowess of ancient Korean garden architecture. Man-made islands and strategically placed pavilions create a harmonious and serene landscape that draws visitors into its tranquil atmosphere.

• Nighttime Illumination: One of the highlights of Anapji Pond is its nighttime illumination, where the pond and surrounding structures are beautifully lit up, creating a magical ambiance. The reflections of the pavilions and bridges on the water's surface under the soft glow of lights make for a mesmerizing sight.

• Scenic Walkways: Visitors can explore the pond area through well-maintained walkways that allow for leisurely strolls. These scenic pathways offer various vantage points to appreciate the beauty of the pond and its picturesque surroundings.

• Visiting Anapji Pond: Anapji Pond is open to visitors throughout the year, allowing them to experience its beauty during different seasons. Springtime brings cherry blossoms, while autumn showcases vibrant foliage, each adding a unique charm to the landscape.

• Accessibility and Location: Located within Gyeongju National Park, Anapji Pond is conveniently accessible, making it an easy addition to visitors' itineraries when exploring the historical wonders of Gyeongju.

Wandering through Anapji Pond offers a unique experience of both historical grandeur and natural serenity. Its combination of cultural significance and aesthetic beauty makes it a must-visit attraction for travelers seeking to immerse themselves in the rich heritage of Korea's ancient past.

6. Visit Daereungwon 대릉원

Daereungwon, also known as 경주 대릉원 in Korean, is a significant historical site located in Gyeongju, South Korea. This vast ancient tomb complex is home to numerous burial mounds known as tumuli, which date back to the Silla Kingdom (57 BCE – 935 CE). Daereungwon is a must-visit destination for those interested in exploring Korea's rich history and cultural heritage.

Daereungwon park ⓒ john ko, Unsplash

• Historical Burial Mounds: Daereungwon is renowned for its large-scale burial mounds, which served as tombs for Silla royalty and aristocracy. These burial mounds are impressive earthworks that showcase the architectural prowess of the Silla Kingdom.

• Cheonmachong Tomb 천마총: One of the most famous burial mounds within Daereungwon is Cheonmachong Tomb, also known as the Heavenly Horse Tomb. This tomb received its name due to the discovery of a beautiful painting of a flying horse inside the tomb.

• Cultural Artifacts: Excavations of the burial mounds have yielded a treasure trove of cultural artifacts, including exquisite pottery, jewelry, and other items that provide valuable insights into the daily life, art, and craftsmanship of the Silla people.

• Historical Significance: Daereungwon holds immense historical significance as it provides a glimpse into the royal customs and burial practices of the Silla Kingdom. It offers a rare opportunity to connect with the rich heritage of Korea's ancient past.

• Archaeological Exploration: The site is an ongoing archaeological project, and visitors can witness ongoing excavations and preservation efforts that contribute to a deeper understanding of the Silla Kingdom's legacy.

• Scenic Park Setting: Daereungwon is set amidst a serene and picturesque park. Visitors can enjoy leisurely walks along well-maintained paths, surrounded by lush greenery and beautiful trees, providing a tranquil atmosphere for reflection and exploration.

• Educational Exhibitions: The site features educational exhibitions that offer insights into the history, archaeology, and cultural heritage of Daereungwon. Informative displays and signage enrich the visitor experience and enhance understanding.

• Accessibility and Location: Daereungwon is conveniently located in Gyeongju, making it easily accessible for both domestic and international tourists. Its proximity to other historical attractions within the city allows visitors to create an immersive historical itinerary.

A visit to Daereungwon in Gyeongju is a captivating journey into the ancient past of the Silla Kingdom. The burial mounds and archaeological discoveries provide a unique window into Korea's historical legacy, making it an essential stop for history enthusiasts and cultural explorers.

7. Try Traditional Korean Cuisine: 

Don't miss the chance to savor the delicious flavors of Korean cuisine in Gyeongju. Sample local specialties like Ssambap (쌈밥lettuce wraps with rice and various toppings), Gyeongju Bread (경주빵 a popular street snack), and Gimbap (김밥 Korean seaweed rice rolls) at the bustling marketplaces and restaurants around the city.

8. Rent a Bicycle and Cycle Around Gyeongju: 

Gyeongju is a bicycle-friendly city with numerous bike paths that allow you to explore its historical sites and scenic landscapes at your own pace. Rent a bike and pedal your way through history, passing by ancient relics and natural beauty along the way.

9. Attend the Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival 경주벚꽃축제

The Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival, also known as 경주벚꽃축제 in Korean, is a highly anticipated annual event held in the historical city of Gyeongju, South Korea. This festival celebrates the arrival of spring and the blooming of cherry blossoms, attracting visitors from all over the world to witness the breathtaking beauty of nature and immerse themselves in Korea's vibrant spring season.

pink cherry blossom trees, Bulguksa temple ⓒ Manh Doi, Unsplash

• Breathtaking Cherry Blossom Viewing: During the festival, Gyeongju transforms into a captivating pink wonderland as the cherry blossom trees come into full bloom. Visitors can enjoy leisurely strolls through parks, streets, and historic sites, admiring the stunning cherry blossom displays that create a magical and romantic atmosphere.

• Historical Setting: Gyeongju's historical landmarks, such as ancient palaces, temples, and tombs, serve as enchanting backdrops to the cherry blossoms. This unique blend of natural beauty and historical architecture adds to the festival's charm and provides a memorable experience for attendees.

• Picnicking Under the Cherry Blossoms: Many locals and tourists take the opportunity to have picnics under the cherry blossom trees. It's a beloved Korean tradition called "hanami," where people gather with friends and family to enjoy delicious food, drinks, and the company of loved ones amidst the picturesque cherry blossoms.

• Street Food and Local Delicacies: The festival's venue is lined with street food stalls offering a wide array of delicious Korean snacks and delicacies. Visitors can treat their taste buds to an assortment of savory and sweet treats while exploring the festival grounds.

• Best Time to Visit: The Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival typically takes place in early to mid-April when the cherry blossoms are in their full splendor. Visitors are encouraged to check the exact dates of the festival each year to plan their trip accordingly.

• Accessibility and Location: Gyeongju is easily accessible by various modes of transportation, making it convenient for both domestic and international visitors to attend the Cherry Blossom Festival. The festival's location in the heart of Gyeongju ensures that visitors can also explore other historical sites and attractions in the area.

The Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival is a delightful celebration of nature's beauty and Korea's rich cultural heritage. For those seeking an enchanting springtime experience, attending this festival promises to be a memorable and enchanting journey into the essence of Korean spring.

10. Learn Basic Korean Phrases: 

While many locals in Gyeongju may understand some English, learning a few basic Korean phrases can enhance your travel experience and make interactions more enjoyable. Simple greetings like "안녕하세요" (Hello) and "감사합니다" (Thank you) can go a long way in fostering connections with the friendly locals.

Embark on an unforgettable journey in Gyeongju, Korea, and immerse yourself in the city's historical treasures, cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. These 10 activities will ensure you make the most of your trip and create lasting memories in this enchanting city.